5G Connectivity
Mobile communications is getting super and Super as time flies, this has made communication very very different to that which we used back in the days of the 0G, 1G, 2G, 3G and the current 4G.
Whiles demand for mobile broadband will continue to increase particularly in Africa, largely driven by ultra high definition videos, better screens, new ways of programming, innovations, renewed ways of education and more, we are already seeing the growing impact on the human possibilities of technology as the things around us become ever more connected than ever.
5G is the new generation of radio systems and network architecture for extreme connection, data transmission and more. It is the next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the current 4G/IMT-Advanced standards. The Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance defines the following requirements for 5G networks:
- Data rates of several tens of megabits per second should be supported for tens of thousands of users
- 1 gigabit per second to be offered simultaneously to many workers on the same office floor
- Several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections to be supported for massive sensor deployments
- Spectral efficiency should be significantly enhanced compared to 4G
- Coverage should be improved
- Signalling efficiency should be enhanced
- Latency should be reduced significantly compared to LTE
Every industry will be affected by 5G, with network speeds as high as 10Gbps with extremely low latency would be the driving force for new applications that use massive broadband capabilities. 5G will be the platform enabling growth in many industries, ranging from the IT industry to the car, entertainment, agriculture, manufacturing industries and many many more.
5G technology is going to be a new mobile revolution in mobile market. With the coming out of cell phone alike to PDA now your whole office in your finger tips or in your phone. 5G technology has extraordinary data capabilities and has ability to tie together unrestricted call volumes and infinite data broadcast within latest mobile operating system.
5G technology has a bright future because it can handle best technologies and offer priceless handset to their customers. May be in coming days 5G technology takes over the world market. 5G Technologies have an extraordinary capability to support Software and Consultancy.
The Router and switch technology used in 5G network providing high connectivity. The 5G technology distributes internet access to nodes within the building and can be deployed with union of wired or wireless network connections. The current trend of 5G technology has a glowing future.
The Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance feels that 5G should be rolled out by 2020 to meet business and consumer demands. In addition to providing simply faster speeds, they predict that 5G networks also will need to meet the needs of new use cases, such as the Internet of Things as well as broadcast-like services and lifeline communication in times of natural disaster.
Although updated standards that define capabilities beyond those defined in the current 4G standards are under consideration, those new capabilities are still being grouped under the current ITU-T 4G standards.
Based on the above observations, some sources suggest that a new generation of 5G standards may be introduced approximately in the early 2020s. However, significant debate continued, on what 5G is about exactly. Prior to 2012, some industry representatives expressed skepticism toward 5G.
3GPP held a conference in September 2015 to plan development of the new standard.
New mobile generations are typically assigned new frequency bands and wider spectral bandwidth per frequency channel (1G up to 30 kHz, 2G up to 200 kHz, 3G up to 5 MHz, and 4G up to 20 MHz), but skeptics argue that there is little room for larger channel bandwidths and new frequency bands suitable for land-mobile radio.
The higher frequencies would overlap with aka band transmissions of communication satellites. From users’ point of view, previous mobile generations have implied substantial increase in peak bitrate (i.e. physical layer net bitrates for short-distance communication), up to 1 gigabit per second to be offered by 4G.
If 5G appears and reflects these prognoses, the major difference from a user point of view between 4G and 5G techniques must be something other than increased peak bit rate. For example, higher number of simultaneously connected devices, higher system spectral efficiency (data volume per area unit), lower battery consumption, lower outage probability (better coverage), high bit rates in larger portions of the coverage area, lower latencies, higher number of supported devices, lower infrastructure deployment costs, higher versatility and scalability, or higher reliability of communication. Those are the objectives in several of the research papers and projects below.
Three very distinct 5G network visions that had emerged underlines:
- A super-efficient mobile network that delivers a better performing network for lower investment cost. It addresses the mobile network operators’ pressing need to see the unit cost of data transport falling at roughly the same rate as the volume of data demand is rising. It would be a leap forward in efficiency based on the IET Demand Attentive Network (DAN) philosophy.
- A super-fast mobile network comprising the next generation of small cells densely clustered to give a contiguous coverage over at least urban areas and getting the world to the final frontier of true “wide-area mobility.” It would require access to spectrum under 4 GHz perhaps via the world’s first global implementation of Dynamic Spectrum Access.
- A converged fiber-wireless network that uses, for the first time for wireless Internet access, the millimeter wave bands (20 – 60 GHz) so as to allow very-wide-bandwidth radio channels able to support data-access speeds of up to 10 Gbit/s. The connection essentially comprises “short” wireless links on the end of local fiber optic cable. It would be more a “nomadic” service (like Wi-Fi) rather than a wide-area “mobile” service.
Features of 5G
- 5G technology offer high resolution for crazy cell phone user and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.
- The advanced billing interfaces of 5G technology makes it more attractive and effective.
- 5G technology also providing subscriber supervision tools for fast action.
- The high quality services of 5G technology based on Policy to avoid error.
- 5G technology is providing large broadcasting of data in Gigabit which supporting almost 65,000 connections.
- 5G technology offer transporter class gateway with unparalleled consistency.
- The traffic statistics by 5G technology makes it more accurate.
- Through remote management offered by 5G technology a user can get better and fast solution.
- The remote diagnostics also a great feature of 5G technology.
- The 5G technology is providing up to 25 Mbps connectivity speed.
- The 5G technology also support virtual private network.
- The new 5G technology will take all delivery service out of business prospect
- The uploading and downloading speed of 5G technology touching the peak.
The 5G technology network offering enhanced and available connectivity just about the world.
Known Research and Development
In 2008, the South Korean IT R&D program of “5G mobile communication systems based on beam-division multiple access and relays with group cooperation” was formed.
In 2012, the UK Government announced the establishment of a 5G Innovation Centre at the University of Surrey – the world’s first research center set up specifically for 5G mobile research.
In 2012, NYU WIRELESS was established as a multidisciplinary research center, with a focus on 5G wireless research, as well as its use in the medical and computer-science fields.
The center is funded by the National Science Foundation and a board of 10 major wireless companies (as of July 2014) that serve on the Industrial Affiliates board of the center. NYU WIRELESS has conducted and published channel measurements that show that millimeter wave frequencies will be viable for multigigabit-per-second data rates for future 5G networks.
In 2012, the European Commission, under the lead of Neelie Kroes, committed 50 million euros for research to deliver 5G mobile technology by 2020.
In particular, The METIS 2020 Project is driven by several telecommunication companies, and aims at reaching world-wide consensus on the future global mobile and wireless communication system.
The METIS overall technical goal is to provide a system concept that supports 1000 times higher mobile system spectral efficiency, compared to current LTE deployments.
In addition, in 2013, another project has started, called 5GrEEn, linked to project METIS and focusing on the design of green 5G mobile networks.
Here the goal is to develop guidelines for the definition of a new-generation network with particular emphasis on energy efficiency, sustainability and affordability.
In November 2012, a research project funded by the European Union under the ICT Programme FP7 was launched under the coordination of IMDEA Networks Institute (Madrid, Spain): i-JOIN (Interworking and JOINt Design of an Open Access and Backhaul Network Architecture for Small Cells based on Cloud Networks).
iJOIN introduces the novel concept of the radio access network (RAN) as a service (RANaaS), where RAN functionality is flexibly centralized through an open IT platform based on a cloud infrastructure. iJOIN aims for a joint design and optimization of access and backhaul, operation and management algorithms, and architectural elements, integrating small cells, heterogeneous backhaul and centralized processing.
Additionally to the development of technology candidates across PHY, MAC, and the network layer, iJOIN will study the requirements, constraints and implications for existing mobile networks, specifically 3GPP LTE-A.
In January 2013, a new EU project named CROWD (Connectivity management for eneRgy Optimised Wireless Dense networks) was launched under the technical supervision of IMDEA Networks Institute, to design sustainable networking and software solutions for the deployment of very dense, heterogeneous wireless networks.
The project targets sustainability targeted in terms of cost effectiveness and energy efficiency. Very high density means 1000x higher than current density (users per square meter). Heterogeneity involves multiple dimensions, from coverage radius to technologies (4G/LTE vs. Wi-Fi), to deployments (planned vs. unplanned distribution of radio base stations and hot spots).
In September 2013, the Cyber-Physical System (CPS) Lab at Rutgers University, NJ, started to work on dynamic provisioning and allocation under the emerging cloud radio-access network (C-RAN).
They have shown that the dynamic demand-aware provisioning in the cloud will decrease the energy consumption while increasing the resource utilization.
They also have implemented a test bed for feasibility of C-RAN and developed new cloud-based techniques for interference cancellation. Their project is funded by the National Science Foundation.
In November 2013, Chinese telecom equipment vendor Huawei said it will invest $600 million in research for 5G technologies in the next five years. The company’s 5G research initiative does not include investment to produce 5G technologies for global telecom operators. Huawei will be testing 5G technology in Malta.
In 2015, Huawei and Ericsson are testing 5G-related technologies in rural areas in northern Netherlands.
In July 2015, the 5GNORMA project was launched. The key objective of 5G NORMA is to develop a conceptually novel, adaptive and future-proof 5G mobile network architecture. The architecture is enabling unprecedented levels of network customisability, ensuring stringent performance, security, cost and energy requirements to be met; as well as providing an API-driven architectural openness, fuelling economic growth through over-the-top innovation. With 5G NORMA, leading players in the mobile ecosystem aim to underpin Europe’s leadership position in 5G.
In July 2015, the European research project mmMAGIC was launched. The mmMAGIC project will develop new concepts for mobile radio access technology (RAT) for mmwave band deployment. This is a key component in the 5G multi-RAT ecosystem and will be used as a foundation for global standardization. The project will enable ultrafast mobile broadband services for mobile users, supporting UHD/3D streaming, immersive applications and ultra-responsive cloud services.
A new radio interface, including novel network management functions and architecture components will be designed taking as guidance 5G PPP’s KPI and exploiting the use of novel adaptive and cooperative beam-forming and tracking techniques to address the specific challenges of mm-wave mobile propagation.
The ambition of the project is to pave the way for a European head start in 5G standards and to strengthen European competitiveness. The consortium brings together major infrastructure vendors, major European operators, leading research institutes and universities, measurement equipment vendors and one SME.
In July 2015, IMDEA Networks launched the Xhaul project, as part of the European H2020 5G Public-Private Partnership (5G PPP). Xhaul will develop an adaptive, sharable, cost-efficient 5G transport network solution integrating the fronthaul and backhaul segments of the network.
This transport network will flexibly interconnect distributed 5G radio access and core network functions, hosted on in-network cloud nodes. Xhaul will greatly simplify network operations despite growing technological diversity.
Known Testing Testers and Partners
Nokia | Huawei | DoCoMo | Ericsson | Alcatel-Lucent | Fujitsu | NEC | Samsung | KT| Apple
It will hence enable system-wide optimisation of Quality of Service (QoS) and energy usage as well as network-aware application development. The Xhaul consortium comprises 21 partners including leading telecom industry vendors, operators, IT companies, small and medium-sized enterprises and academic institutions.
In July 2015, the European 5G research project Flex5Gware was launched. The objective of Flex5Gware is to deliver highly reconfigurable hardware (HW) platforms together with HW-agnostic software (SW) platforms targeting both network elements and devices and taking into account increased capacity, reduced energy footprint, as well as scalability and modularity, to enable a smooth transition from 4G mobile wireless systems to 5G.
This will enable that 5G HW/SW platforms can meet the requirements imposed by the anticipated exponential growth in mobile data traffic (1000 fold increase) together with the large diversity of applications (from low bit-rate/power power for M2M to interactive and high resolution applications).
The fastest 5G-based standard is mmWave (millimeter wave). This is a high-frequency band of the radio spectrum that allows for much faster data transfer speeds than the lower frequency bands that are also used for 5G. According to, mmWave is the fastest of the three types of 5G services , which also include the “low-band” and “mid-band” options.
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